Initial commit: Rina VM deployment (VLAN 40, br1.40, cloud-init)
Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
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README.md
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# Rina VM deployment (Debian on QEMU/libvirt)
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Deploy a **Debian 13 minimal** VM with cloud-init on a host running **QEMU** and **libvirt** (`virsh`). No interactive install: user, password, static IP, and swap are applied on first boot.
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## Why cloud-init (and not the netinst ISO)?
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| Approach | Pros | Cons |
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|----------|------|------|
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| **Cloud image + cloud-init** ✅ | Fully automated, minimal image, repeatable, set user/IP/swap in one go | Requires cloud image (no installer UI) |
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| **Netinst ISO** | Familiar installer | Manual or preseed setup; slower; more steps |
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**Recommendation:** Use the provided **Debian generic cloud image + cloud-init** for a one-shot, reproducible VM that matches your specs.
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## Specs (as requested)
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- **CPU:** 2 cores
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- **Memory:** 4 GB RAM + 4 GB swap
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- **Storage:** 128 GB
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- **IP:** 192.168.0.225
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- **User:** `rina` / **Password:** `rinapwd`
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- **OS:** Latest Debian minimal (Debian 13 Trixie cloud image)
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## Requirements on the remote host
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- **libvirt** (virsh), **QEMU**, **virt-install**, **qemu-img**
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- **cloud-image-utils** (for `cloud-localds`) or **genisoimage** (for seed ISO)
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- Optional: **curl** (to download the cloud image)
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Install on Debian/Ubuntu:
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```bash
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sudo apt install libvirt-daemon-system qemu-kvm virtinst libguestfs-tools cloud-image-utils
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```
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## Quick start
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1. Copy this directory to the remote machine (or clone there).
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2. **Optional:** Edit `cloud-init/user-data` and `cloud-init/network-config`:
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- Change gateway (default `192.168.0.1`) or DNS if your LAN differs.
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- Add your SSH public key under `ssh_authorized_keys` for key-based login.
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- Network is also embedded in `user-data`; `network-config` is kept for reference.
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3. Run the deploy script (on the remote host):
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```bash
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chmod +x deploy-rina-vm.sh
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./deploy-rina-vm.sh
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```
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4. Wait for first boot (~1–2 minutes). Then:
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```bash
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ssh rina@192.168.0.225
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# password: rinapwd
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```
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## What the script does
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1. Downloads the Debian 13 generic cloud image (qcow2) once to `/var/lib/libvirt/images/`.
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2. Creates a 128 GB disk for the VM backed by that image.
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3. Builds a cloud-init **NoCloud** seed ISO from `cloud-init/user-data` and `cloud-init/meta-data`.
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4. Creates and starts the VM with **virt-install** (2 vCPU, 4 GB RAM, 128 GB disk, seed ISO attached).
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## Customization
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- **Pool directory:** `POOL_DIR=/path/to/images ./deploy-rina-vm.sh`
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- **Network:** By default the script uses the libvirt network `default`. For a bridge (e.g. `br0`):
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`NETWORK=br0 ./deploy-rina-vm.sh`
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- **Resources:** `CPU=4 MEMORY_GB=8 DISK_GB=256 ./deploy-rina-vm.sh`
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## Firewall and SSH (same as “Rina PC”)
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There is no firewall/SSH config in this repo. To **apply the same rules as on the Rina PC**:
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1. On the Rina PC, export current rules, for example:
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- **UFW:** `sudo ufw status verbose > ufw-rina-pc.txt`
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- **iptables:** `sudo iptables-save > iptables-rina-pc.txt`
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2. Copy those rules to this VM (e.g. copy the files to `rina@192.168.0.225`) and apply the same way (ufw or iptables).
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3. Or document the desired rules and add them to `cloud-init/user-data` under `runcmd` or a one-time script (e.g. enable ufw and allow SSH).
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Example in `user-data` (if using UFW and you want SSH + same as Rina PC):
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```yaml
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runcmd:
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- apt-get install -y ufw
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- ufw allow 22/tcp # SSH
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# Add more rules to match Rina PC, then:
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- ufw --force enable
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```
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Adjust rules to match your Rina PC before deploying.
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## Interface name (192.168.0.225 not working)
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If the VM gets an IP via DHCP instead of 192.168.0.225, the interface name might not be `enp1s0`. On the VM run `ip a` and note the main interface (e.g. `eth0`). Then in `cloud-init/user-data`, change the `network.ethernets` key from `enp1s0` to that name, rebuild the seed ISO, and redeploy (or fix netplan inside the VM once).
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## Useful commands (on the host)
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```bash
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virsh list --all
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virsh console rina
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virsh shutdown rina
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virsh start rina
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```
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## Files
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- `deploy-rina-vm.sh` – Deploy script (download image, create disk, build seed ISO, virt-install).
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- `cloud-init/user-data` – User `rina`, password, sudo, SSH, packages, static IP, 4 GB swap.
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- `cloud-init/meta-data` – Instance ID and hostname.
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- `cloud-init/network-config` – Standalone netplan-style config (reference; main config is in user-data).
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## Reference
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- Debian cloud images: <https://cloud.debian.org/images/cloud/>
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- Debian 13 netinst (alternative): <https://www.debian.org/CD/netinst/>
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